Bio-Based White Eggshell as a Value-Added Filler in Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites

Based on its positive environmental impact, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has been a gradual substitute for synthetic plastics used in diverse applications. The use of industrial limestone (ILS) as filler polymers can have advantages changing the properties pure polymers. Waste eggshells (WE) be seen an alternative to ILS they are also source calcium carbonate. To assess feasibility both types and sizes, PLA composites were manufactured by injection molding with contents 5, 10, 20 wt.%. Tensile, flexural, impact mechanical evaluated addition water absorption. One-way analysis variance (ANOVA) was performed determine whether statistically significant differences among measured existed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) view morphology fillers fractured surfaces. composite tensile strengths flexural best when loadings 5 wt.% 10 wt.%, respectively, types. modulus increased loadings. strength obtained at threshold level slightly better smaller particles sizes. ANOVA identified mean property values evaluated. SEM showed surfaces different from indicating some transformation occurred matrix. weight gains due absorption observed increase content while had higher gains. Although containing somewhat enhanced over WE-filled composites, end application will dictate which type PLA.